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Statements from the 2023 CCW Group of Governmental Experts on lethal autonomous weapon systems

First session - March 2023
Second session - May 2023

First session

Monday, 6 March

  • Chair of the GGE Ambassador Flavio Soares Damico of Brazil (Mr.)
  • UN High Representative for Disarmament Affairs, Ms. Izumi Nakamitsu (video)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • India (Mr.)

Agenda item 5 

  • NAM (Ms.)
  • Arab Group (Ms.)
  • Argentina, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Kazakhstan, Panama, Palestine, Uruguay, Sierra Leone, the Philippines, delivered by the Philippines (Ms.)
  • Algeria (Mr.)
  • China (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Palestine (Ms.)
  • Holy See (Mr.)
  • Sri Lanka (Ms.)
  • United States (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Republic of Korea (Ms.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • Costa Rica (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Iraq (Mr.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • South Africa (Ms.)
  • Finland (Ms.)
  • El Salvador (Mr.)
  • Peru (Mr.)
  • Israel (Ms.)
  • Argentina (Ms.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • Luxembourg (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Canada (Ms.)
  • Jordan (Mr.)
  • Germany (Ms.)
  • Denmark (Mr.)
  • United Kingdom (Mr.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • Uruguay (Ms.)
  • Bulgaria (Mr.)
  • Ecuador (Mr.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • Norway (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • New Zealand (Ms.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • Bulgaria, Denmark, Finland, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden and Germany, delivered by Germany (Ms.)
  • ICRC (Mr.)
  • Stop Killer Robots (Mr.)
  • Human Rights Watch (Ms.)

Tuesday, 7 March

Topic 1: Characterization of LAWS – definitions and scope

  • Chair
  • Turkey (Mr.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • Holy See (Mr.)
  • Italy (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • China (Ms.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Ms.)
  • US (Ms.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • Australia (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Palestine (Ms.)
  • Germany (Mr.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • Argentina (Ms.)
  • Tunisia (Mr.)
  • Algeria (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Kazakhstan (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Norway (Mr.)
  • ICRC (Mr.)
  • Article 36 (Mr.)

Topic 2: Application of International Humanitarian Law (IHL): possible prohibitions and regulations

  • Turkey (Mr.)
  • Russia (Ms.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Republic of Korea (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Ms.)
  • United States (Mr.)
  • Venezuela (Ms.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • Algeria (Mr.)
  • Israel (Ms.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • European Union (Ms.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • United Kingdom (Mr.)
  • New Zealand (Ms.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • Palestine (Ms.)
  • Bulgaria (Mr.)
  • Australia (Mr.)
  • ICRC (Ms.)
  • MAAT (Mr.)
  • Article 36 (Mr.)

Wednesday, 8 March

  • SIPRI (Ms.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • CCACBWA (Mr.)

Topic 3: Human-machine interaction/meaningful human control/human judgement and ethical considerations

  • Chair (Mr.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Canada (Ms.)
  • Philippines (Ms.)
  • Germany (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • Turkey (Mr.)
  • Tunisia (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • EU (Ms.)
  • Ireland (Ms.)
  • Argentina (Ms.)
  • China (Ms.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • Palestine (Ms.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Uruguay (Mr.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • ICRC (Mr.)
  • Center for War Studies University of Southern Denmark (Ms.)
  • Article 36 (Mr.)
  • MAAT (Mr.)
  • Israel (Mr.)

Topic 4: Responsibility and accountability

  • Turkey (Mr.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • Russia (Ms.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • China (Mr.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • Peru (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • ICRC (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • Argentina (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • University of Cambridge (Ms.)

Thursday, 9 March

  • Australia (Mr.)

Topic 5: Legal review

  • Chair (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • Germany (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Denmark (Ms.)
  • ICRC (Ms.)
  • Australia (Mr.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Finland (Mr.)
  • China (Ms.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Algeria (Mr.)
  • Sweden (Mr.)
  • Bulgaria (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Argentina (Ms.)
  • Norway (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • University of Cambridge (Mr.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • Ecuador (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Article 36 (Mr.)
  • Australia (Mr.)
  • Algeria (Mr.)
  • Israel (Ms.)
  • Sweden (Mr.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • MAAT (Ms.)
  • Norway (Mr.) - on topic 3
  • Philippines (Mr.) - on topic 3
  • India (Mr.) - on topic 4
  • UK (Mr.) - on topic 5

Topic 6: Risk mitigation and confidence-building measures

  • Turkey (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • United Kingdom (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Palestine (Ms.)
  • Tunisia (Ms.)
  • China (Mr.)
  • Ireland (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • Sustainable peace and development organisation (Mr.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • China (Mr.)
  • CCACBWA (Mr.)
  • Kazakhstan (Mr.)

Friday, 10 March

Informal discussions 

  • UK (Mr.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Canada (Ms.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • New Zealand (Ms.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • Denmark (Ms.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • Peru (Mr.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • Republic of Korea (Mr.)
  • Mexico (Mr)
  • Israel (Ms.)
  • Germany (Ms.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • China (Ms.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • Sweden (Mr.)
  • Finland (Ms.)
  • Bulgaria (Mr.)

 Formal session

  • Canada (Ms.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • University of Queensland (Mr.)
  • Colombia (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • Dominican Republic (Ms.)
  • Stop Killer Robots (Mr.)
  • Protection (Mr.)
  • Argentina (Ms.)
  • Germany (Ms.)
  • SEHLAC (Ms.)
  • Costa Rica (Ms.)
  • Australia (Mr.)
  • Geneva Graduate Institute (Mr.)
  • Peru (Mr.)
  • El Salvador (Mr.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • State of Palestine (Ms.)
  • Uruguay (Ms.)
  • Ecuador (Mr.)
  • United States (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)

Second session

 15 May 2023

Agenda items 1, 2, 3 and 4

  • Chair of the GGE Ambassador Flavio Soares Damico of Brazil (Mr.)

Agenda item 5 - general statements

  • Argentina, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Kazakhstan, Nigeria,  Panama, Peru, Philippines, Palestine, Sierra Leone, Uruguay, Colombia, delivered by Colombia (Mr.)
  • Arab Group, delivered by Iraq (Ms.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Germany (Mr.)
  • Argentina, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Kazakhstan, Nigeria,  Panama, Peru, Philippines, Palestine, Sierra Leone, Uruguay, Colombia, delivered by Argentina (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Colombia (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • Italy (Mr.)
  • Iraq (Mr.)
  • China (Ms.)
  • Philippines (Ms.)
  • India (Ms.)
  • Canada (Mr.)
  • Denmark (Ms.)
  • United States (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Sweden (Mr.)
  • New Zealand (Mr.)
  • Jordan (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • European Union (Ms.)
  • ICRC (Mr.)
  • Luxembourg (Mr.)
  • Uruguay (Mr.)
  • El Salvador (Mr.)
  • Israel (Ms.)
  • Guatemala (Ms.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • Peru (Mr.)
  • Belgium (Ms.)
  • Costa Rica (Mr.)
  • Norway (Mr.)
  • Group of 51 states delivered by Germany (Ms.) and the Philippines (Ms.)
  • Palestine (Ms.)
  • Ecuador (Mr.)
  • Finland (Ms.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Algeria (Mr.)
  • Human Rights Watch (Ms.)
  • Bulgaria (Mr.)
  • Norwegian Peace Association (Ms.)
  • InterAgency Institute (Mr.)
  • INHR (Mr.)
  • Stop Killer Robots (Mr.)
  • SCLA (Mr.)
  • Republic of Korea (Mr.)

Agenda item 6

  • Chair (Mr.)

Agenda item 7

  • Chair (Mr.)

First reading: Section III; Paragraphs 16 to 20

  • United States (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Ms.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Sri Lanka (Ms.)
  • Japan (Mr.)

16 May 2023

  • ROK (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • China (Ms.)
  • ICRC (Ms.)
  • Russia (Mr.) - point of order
  • Chair (Mr.)

Agenda item 5

  • ICRC (Ms.)
  • Pax Christi International (Ms.)

Return to agenda item 7

  • Palestine (Ms.)
  • Ecuador (Mr.)
  • Turkyie (Mr.)
  • Norway (Mr.)
  • Panama (Ms.)
  • France (Mr.)
  • India (Ms.)
  • United States (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Israel (Ms.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Peru (Mr.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • Guatemala (Ms.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Sweden (Mr.)
  • Germany (Ms.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)

First Reading: Section III; Paragraphs 21 and 22

  • Australia (Mr.)
  • Turkyie (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Canada (Mr.)
  • Sri Lanka (Ms.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • India (Ms.)
  • Belgium (Mr.) 
  • Panama (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • Israel (Ms.)
  • Germany (Ms.)
  • United States (Mr.)
  • United Kingdom (Mr.)
  • Canada (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • China (Ms.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • European Union (Ms.)
  • SCLA (Mr.)
  • ICRC (Ms.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Future of Life Institute (Ms.)
  • Norway (Mr.)

17 May 2023

  • Palestine (Ms.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Denmark (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)

First Reading: Section III; Paragraphs 23–28

  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Ms.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • Guatemala (Ms.)
  • Canada (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Costa Rica (Ms.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • India (Ms.)
  • UK (Ms.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • China (Ms.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Turkiye (Mr.)
  • Germany (Ms.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Sweden (Mr.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • Panama (Ms.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • Sri Lanka (Ms.)
  • Israel (Ms.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • Germany (Ms.)
  • France (Ms.
  • Norway (Mr.)
  • Luxembourg (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • United States (Ms.)
  • New Zealand (Mr.)
  • United Kingdom (Ms.)
  • Denmark (Mr.)
  • Bulgaria (Mr.)
  • Russian Federation (Mr.)
  • China (Ms.)
  • Chair (Mr.)

First Reading: Section IV; Paragraph 30

  • Russian Federation (Mr.)
  • Costa Rica (Ms.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • United States (Mr.)
  • The Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • United Kingdom (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Panama (Ms.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • Guatemala (Ms.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • Colombia (Mr.)
  • Ecuador (Mr.)
  • Canada (Mr.)
  • El Salvador (Ms.)
  • New Zealand (Mr.)
  • Russian Federation (Mr.)
  • Denmark (Ms.)
  • Russian Federation (Mr.)
  • Australia (Ms.)

First Reading: Section I; Paragraphs 1-3

First Reading: Section II; Paragraphs 4-14

  • Russian Federation (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • Russian Federation (Mr.)

 18 May 2023

  • Chair (Mr.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Uruguay (Ms.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • Panama (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Sri Lanka (Ms.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • Ecuador (Mr.)
  • Denmark (Ms.)
  • Germany (Ms.)
  • New Zealand (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)
  • El Salvador (Mr.)
  • Norway (Mr.)
  • United Kingdom (Mr.)
  • Costa Rica (Mr.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Canada (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Peru (Mr.)
  • Argentina (Mr.)
  • Luxembourg (Mr.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • Colombia (Mr.)
  • Palestine (Ms.) 
  • United States (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Finland (Ms.)
  • Burkina Faso (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)
  • United States (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • United States (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • Algeria (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)
  • Panama (Ms.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Chair (Mr.)
  • India (Ms.)
  • United States (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Palestine (Ms.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Chair (Mr.)

19 May 2023

Second Reading: Paragraphs 22-23

  • Chair (Mr.)
  • Palestine (Ms.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Italy (Mr.)
  • Norway (Mr.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • China (Ms.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Panama (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Chair
  • Austria
  • Guatemala
  • Canada
  • Japan
  • US
  • Chair

Second Reading: Paragraph 24

  • Germany
  • Russia
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • Canada (Mr.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Panama (Ms.)
  • China (Ms.)

Second Reading: Paragraph 25

  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • Sweden
  • Russia
  • Italy (Mr.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • India (Mr.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • Japan (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Chair

Second Reading: Paragraphs 26-27

  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Mexico (Mr.)
  • India (Ms.)
  • Canada (Mr.)
  • Palestine (Ms.)
  • Netherlands (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • UK (Ms.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • Panama (Ms.)
  • Costa Rica (Ms.)
  • China (Ms.)
  • Russia (Mr.)

Second Reading: Paragraph 20

  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Canada (Mr.)
  • Philippines (Mr.)
  • Turkiye (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Norway (Mr.)
  • Panama (Ms.)
  • Germany (Mr.)
  • Austria (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Chair
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Kazakhstan (Mr.)
  • Ireland (Mr.)
  • UK (Ms.)
  • US (Mr.)
  • Guatemala (Ms.)
  • South Africa (Ms.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • Peru (Mr.)
  • Canada (Mr.)
  • France (Ms.)
  • Chair
  • Pakistan (Mr.)
  • Cuba (Ms.)
  • Australia (Ms.)
  • UK (Mr.)
  • Switzerland (Mr.)
  • Russia (Mr.)
  • Belgium (Mr.)
  • Panama (Ms.)
  • Chair
  • Argentina
  • US
  • Palestine 
  • Chair
  • Ireland
  • Russia
  • Chair

The session continued in informal mode but civil society was not allowed in the room.